Dados Gerais 2018
| Capital | Area | Pop. | Desem./Unem. | Local | Pref./Mayor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ellesmere | 196 235 km² | 207 | 0,1% | Ártico / Artic | Hugo Passos |
The earliest human inhabitants of the island of Ellesmere were small flocks that hunted caribou, musk oxen and marine mammals approximately in 2000 b.C-1000 b.C. Some remains of unusual structures on the Bache peninsula may be remains of stone longhouses, of the final period of the Dorset culture.
Later on, new hunters and neo-Eskimo pioneers – members of the Inuit, Late Thule, Ruin Island and Post-Ruin Island cultures – also settled in the region, both summer and winter, until environmental, ecological and possibly social ones will have caused them to leave the area – and those who left abundant remains on the Bache peninsula, in the central part of the eastern coast, on the banks of the Strait of Nares. Ellesmere became unpopulated during the Little Ice Age.
More than a fifth of the island is protected as Ellesmere National Park, which includes seven fjords and a variety of glaciers, as well as Lake Hazen, the largest lake in North America, north of the Arctic Circle. The Barbeau Peak, the highest mountain in Nunavut (2616 m) is located on the British Empire Range on Ellesmere Island. The northernmost mountain range in the world, the Challenger Mountains, are located in the northeast region of the island. The northern wolf of the island is called the land grant.
